Cytochrome P450 Genes of the CYP4 Clan and Pyrethroid Resistance in Chagas Disease Vectors

Triatomine insects are vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi , causative agent Chagas disease. Although residual pyrethroid spraying has been a successful vector control strategy for many years, growing number pyrethroid-resistance foci is being documented, mainly in Triatoma infestans that led to failures elimination. Insecticide resistance multifactorial phenomenon often implies combination three different mechanisms: increased insecticide detoxification, reduced affinity site action, and penetration through cuticle. All mechanisms were reported pyrethroid-resistant T. . Cytochrome P450s enzymes involved metabolism xenobiotics endogenous chemicals. They encoded by CYP genes classified into families clans. In triatomines, CYP4 clan divided two families, CYP3093 CYP4, both exhibit genome-wide, triatomine-specific gene expansions. Some members from each family have be mentioned above, i.e., they participate detoxification organs tissues, synthesis cuticular hydrocarbons, which ultimately can contribute penetration. The aim this manuscript review current state knowledge P450 belonging triatomines highlight their potential role resistance.